真空預壓施工-插打排水板

真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)預(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)就是(shi)在(zai)需要加(jia)固(gu)的軟基(ji)中(zhong)插入豎(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)通道（如砂(sha)井、袋裝砂(sha)井或塑料(liao)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板等），然(ran)后在(zai)地(di)面鋪(pu)設(she)(she)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)砂(sha)墊層(ceng)(ceng)，再在(zai)其(qi)上(shang)覆蓋一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)不透氣的薄膜。在(zai)膜下(xia)抽(chou)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)形成負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)（相(xiang)對大氣壓(ya)(ya)而(er)言)），負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)沿豎(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)通道向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)傳遞 土(tu)(tu)體與(yu)豎(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)通道的不等壓(ya)(ya)狀態又使(shi)負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)向(xiang)(xiang)土(tu)(tu)體中(zhong)傳遞，在(zai)負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)，孔隙(xi)水(shui)(shui)逐(zhu)漸滲流(liu)到(dao)豎(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)通道中(zhong)而(er)達到(dao)土(tu)(tu)體排(pai)水(shui)(shui)固(gu)結(jie)(jie)、強度增(zeng)長(chang)的效(xiao)果。真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)預(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)作(zuo)為新一(yi)(yi)代軟基(ji)加(jia)固(gu)方(fang)法(fa)，以其(qi)工(gong)(gong)期短、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)安全(quan)、無污染環境、費(fei)用(yong)(yong)低等優點而(er)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于港口、碼(ma)頭、機場、工(gong)(gong)業與(yu)民用(yong)(yong)建筑等工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)(she)，但(dan)理(li)論研究的落后限制(zhi)了其(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上(shang)的進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步推廣應用(yong)(yong)。用(yong)(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)預(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)加(jia)固(gu)軟土(tu)(tu)地(di)基(ji)，在(zai)固(gu)結(jie)(jie)過程(cheng)中(zhong)不僅(jin)土(tu)(tu)體產生垂直沉降(jiang)，側向(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)會產生向(xiang)(xiang)著負(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)源(yuan)的水(shui)(shui)平(ping)位移。當在(zai)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)預(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)的影響(xiang)范(fan)圍內有其(qi)他建筑設(she)(she)施(shi)時，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)該法(fa)可能會危及(ji)其(qi)上(shang)部結(jie)(jie)構物(wu)的安全(quan)。真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)預(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)流(liu)程(cheng)如下(xia)：測量放(fang)線→鋪(pu)設(she)(she)主支濾(lv)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)管→鋪(pu)設(she)(she)上(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)砂(sha)墊層(ceng)(ceng)→砂(sha)面整平(ping)→鋪(pu)設(she)(she)聚氯乙烯薄膜→施(shi)工(gong)(gong)密封溝→設(she)(she)置測量標志→安裝真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)泵→抽(chou)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)預(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)固(gu)結(jie)(jie)土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)。