真空預壓施工-插打排水板

真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)就是(shi)在需要加固(gu)的(de)軟基(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)插入豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排水(shui)通道（如(ru)砂(sha)井(jing)(jing)、袋裝砂(sha)井(jing)(jing)或塑料排水(shui)板等(deng)(deng)(deng)），然后(hou)在地面(mian)鋪設(she)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)砂(sha)墊層(ceng)，再在其(qi)上(shang)覆蓋一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)不(bu)透氣的(de)薄(bo)膜。在膜下(xia)(xia)(xia)抽真空(kong)(kong)(kong)形成(cheng)負壓(ya)(ya)（相對(dui)大氣壓(ya)(ya)而(er)(er)言)），負壓(ya)(ya)沿豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排水(shui)通道向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)傳(chuan)遞 土(tu)(tu)體與豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排水(shui)通道的(de)不(bu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)壓(ya)(ya)狀態又使(shi)(shi)負壓(ya)(ya)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)土(tu)(tu)體中(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)遞，在負壓(ya)(ya)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，孔(kong)隙水(shui)逐(zhu)漸滲流(liu)到豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排水(shui)通道中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)(er)達到土(tu)(tu)體排水(shui)固(gu)結(jie)、強度增長的(de)效果。真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)作(zuo)為新(xin)一(yi)(yi)代(dai)軟基(ji)加固(gu)方法(fa)(fa)，以(yi)其(qi)工期短(duan)、施(shi)工安全(quan)(quan)、無污染環境(jing)、費用(yong)(yong)低(di)等(deng)(deng)(deng)優(you)點而(er)(er)廣(guang)泛應用(yong)(yong)于港口、碼頭、機場、工業與民用(yong)(yong)建(jian)筑(zhu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)工程建(jian)設(she)，但理論(lun)研究的(de)落后(hou)限制了其(qi)工程上(shang)的(de)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)推廣(guang)應用(yong)(yong)。用(yong)(yong)真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預壓(ya)(ya)加固(gu)軟土(tu)(tu)地基(ji)，在固(gu)結(jie)過程中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)僅土(tu)(tu)體產生垂直沉(chen)降，側向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也會(hui)(hui)產生向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)著負壓(ya)(ya)源的(de)水(shui)平位移。當在真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預壓(ya)(ya)的(de)影響范(fan)圍內(nei)有其(qi)他建(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)施(shi)時，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)該法(fa)(fa)可能會(hui)(hui)危及其(qi)上(shang)部結(jie)構(gou)物的(de)安全(quan)(quan)。真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)施(shi)工流(liu)程如(ru)下(xia)(xia)(xia)：測(ce)量放線(xian)→鋪設(she)主支濾排水(shui)管→鋪設(she)上(shang)層(ceng)砂(sha)墊層(ceng)→砂(sha)面(mian)整平→鋪設(she)聚氯乙烯薄(bo)膜→施(shi)工密封溝(gou)→設(she)置測(ce)量標志→安裝真空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵→抽真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預壓(ya)(ya)固(gu)結(jie)土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)。