真空預壓施工-淺層人工插排水板施工

真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)就是在(zai)需要(yao)加固(gu)(gu)的(de)軟基中(zhong)插(cha)入豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)通道（如砂(sha)(sha)(sha)井、袋裝砂(sha)(sha)(sha)井或塑料排(pai)水(shui)板等(deng)(deng)），然后(hou)在(zai)地面鋪(pu)設(she)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)墊層(ceng)(ceng)，再在(zai)其(qi)上覆(fu)蓋(gai)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)不(bu)透(tou)氣(qi)的(de)薄(bo)膜(mo)。在(zai)膜(mo)下抽(chou)真空(kong)(kong)(kong)形成負(fu)(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)（相對大氣(qi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)而言)），負(fu)(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)沿豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)通道向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)下傳遞 土(tu)體(ti)與(yu)豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)通道的(de)不(bu)等(deng)(deng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)狀態(tai)又使負(fu)(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)土(tu)體(ti)中(zhong)傳遞，在(zai)負(fu)(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)作用(yong)(yong)下，孔隙(xi)水(shui)逐漸(jian)滲流(liu)到(dao)豎(shu)(shu)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)排(pai)水(shui)通道中(zhong)而達到(dao)土(tu)體(ti)排(pai)水(shui)固(gu)(gu)結、強度增長的(de)效果。真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)作為新一(yi)(yi)代軟基加固(gu)(gu)方法(fa)，以其(qi)工(gong)(gong)期短、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全、無污染(ran)環境、費用(yong)(yong)低等(deng)(deng)優(you)點而廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于港口、碼頭(tou)、機(ji)場、工(gong)(gong)業與(yu)民用(yong)(yong)建(jian)筑(zhu)等(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)，但理論研究的(de)落(luo)后(hou)限制(zhi)了(le)其(qi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)上的(de)進一(yi)(yi)步推廣應用(yong)(yong)。用(yong)(yong)真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加固(gu)(gu)軟土(tu)地基，在(zai)固(gu)(gu)結過程(cheng)中(zhong)不(bu)僅土(tu)體(ti)產生(sheng)垂直沉降，側向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)會產生(sheng)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)著負(fu)(fu)(fu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)源的(de)水(shui)平位移。當在(zai)真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)影響范圍內(nei)有其(qi)他建(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)施(shi)(shi)時，使用(yong)(yong)該(gai)法(fa)可(ke)能(neng)會危(wei)及(ji)其(qi)上部結構物的(de)安(an)(an)全。真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)法(fa)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)流(liu)程(cheng)如下：測(ce)量(liang)放線→鋪(pu)設(she)主支濾排(pai)水(shui)管→鋪(pu)設(she)上層(ceng)(ceng)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)墊層(ceng)(ceng)→砂(sha)(sha)(sha)面整平→鋪(pu)設(she)聚氯乙烯薄(bo)膜(mo)→施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)密封(feng)溝→設(she)置(zhi)測(ce)量(liang)標志(zhi)→安(an)(an)裝真空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵→抽(chou)真空(kong)(kong)(kong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)固(gu)(gu)結土(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)。